As dawn breaks over Madinah, the call to prayer echoes through the courtyards of Al Masjid an Nabawi and people gather to pray fajr at the Prophet’s Mosque. This is the very spot where the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) often preached and led the people in prayer and worship.
For millions of Muslims around the world, Al Masjid an Nabawi (the Prophet’s Mosque) is one of Islam’s most sacred sites. It’s also the final resting place of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), along with two of his closest and most revered companions: Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, who was both the Prophet’s dearest friend and his father-in-law, became the first Caliph after the Prophet’s passing. Sayyiduna Umar, known for his wisdom and justice, followed as the second Caliph, or steward of the Muslim community.
Walking through Madinah, you can’t help but notice how often people say “Sayyiduna” before the names of the Prophet’s companions and other beloved figures. It’s a heartfelt gesture of respect, meaning “our master” or “our leader” for those who reminded the world of the Oneness of God. Hearing it whispered in prayers, conversations, and stories around the mosque gives you a sense of connection to those who walked alongside the Prophet (PBUH). More than fourteen centuries later, the energy of the Prophet, His family, and His companions still lingers in this sacred place.
To help you make the most of your visit to Madinah and the Prophet’s Mosque, this guide will answer the most common questions visitors may have.
Here’s what you need to know to prepare for a meaningful and respectful journey:
Located at the very heart of Madinah, the Prophet’s Mosque is considered the second-holiest site in Islam after the Kaaba in Makkah. At the time of the Prophet, the mosque was originally a very simple structure made of mud walls and palm trunks. Over the centuries and under various rulers, it’s been expanded into something very different. Today, it boasts grand minarets, white marble floors, and the famous green dome that has become a symbol of Madinah.
So why is Madinah so important? The Prophet’s migration from Makkah to Madinah, known as the Hijrah, was a defining moment for Islam and the city itself. Madinah became a place of change, welcoming the Prophet, his family, and followers in search of spiritual freedom. It was here that the Prophet (PBUH) established the Constitution of Madinah, which established a framework of mutual rights and responsibilities between Muslims and other communities, including Jewish tribes. The significance of the Hijrah was so great that it became the starting point of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar.
Al Masjid an Nabawi in Madinah houses a chamber that holds the Prophet Muhammad’s grave. This chamber is said to have been the private room of Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), the Prophet’s beloved wife. After the passing of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), he was laid to rest there in accordance with the Islamic tradition that prophets are buried where they pass away.
Over the centuries, the chamber became enclosed within the mosque as it expanded, marked by the iconic green dome that millions recognize and visit today. Pilgrims can’t directly enter the chamber, but they can offer their salutations at the nearby Rawdah – which we’ll explain the significance of shortly.
Another common question visitors ask before arriving at the Prophet’s resting place is: when did Prophet Muhammad die? The Prophet (PBUH) passed away in the year 632 CE (11 AH in the Islamic calendar), at the age of 62 or 63. His passing marked a deeply emotional and defining moment for his companions and the Muslim ummah, or community.
Another question that often arises is: how did Prophet Muhammad die? According to Islamic tradition, he became ill after returning from his final pilgrimage. He spent his last days in the care of his wife Aisha (RA). Despite his illness, he continued to lead prayers until he could no longer stand. Surrounded by his loved ones, he returned to Allah and was later joined in burial by his closest companions, a lasting reminder of the importance of community in Islam.
Offer salutations: As Sunnah states, enter the mosque with your right foot. Then, offer salutations: Bismillah wa’l-salaatu wa’l-salaam ‘ala Rasoolillaah. This translates to: “In the name of Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah.” Greet the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and do the same for Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar.
Arrive early to pray: Al Masjid an Nabawi welcomes millions of visitors, especially during peak seasons. Arriving early for prayers will help you find a quiet spot to pray. The mosque is also open 24 hours, which allows for prayer and reflection at any time of day.
Seek the Rawdah: If possible, pray in the Rawdah, the sacred space between the Prophet Muhammad’s grave and his pulpit. Since the Prophet (PBUH) described the area as “a garden from the gardens of Paradise,” it’s considered one of the most blessed places to pray.
Embrace some peace and quiet: Spend time praying and making dua (supplications) in the serene courtyards of the mosque, watching the sun rise or set over the green dome.
While the journey to Madinah and the Prophet’s Mosque is rooted in spiritual connection, it’s also a chance to experience the city and the rich culture it has to offer.
Just steps from the Prophet’s Mosque, you can visit Global Food Village, a vibrant spot that brings together cuisines from around the world. Alongside Madinah’s own specialties, it’s a convenient place to enjoy both culture and food in one lively setting.
If you’d like to venture out beyond Global Food Village, the famous Al Baik is a must-visit for some of the most popular and satisfying chicken meals in all of Saudi Arabia. Etruh Café also stands out in Madinah for its blend of tradition and taste. Styled after old Madinah homes, it offers visitors a cosy glimpse into the city’s heritage while serving popular local drinks and sweets. What makes it especially unique is its signature tea made from lemongrass, which means “etruh” in Arabic.
For souvenirs or practical purchases, head to one of Madinah’s most affordable supermarkets in Taiba Mall (Entrance G, Ground Floor), where you can find prayer mats, prayer beads, traditional wear, incense, and other meaningful keepsakes.
While Al Masjid an Nabawi is the focus of Madinah, the city offers more for pilgrims and travelers to explore, like the Quba Mosque – the first mosque ever built. There’s also Uhud Mountain, the site of the pivotal battle. Both places provide rich context and insight into the Prophet’s legacy and the history of Islam. Local markets and traditional cuisine also allow visitors to experience the warmth of Madinah’s culture.
Keep in mind: non-Muslims may enter parts of Madinah, they are not permitted in the Central Haram area, including Al Masjid an Nabawi and its surroundings.
For Muslims, visiting the final resting place of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is both a spiritual milestone and a heartfelt dream. It’s an experience that reminds visitors to carry forward His teachings of compassion and humility. More than any souvenir, this lasting sense of peace and perspective is the greatest gift to take home.
You may arrive with questions, but you’ll leave with a deeper spiritual connection and answers about the Prophet Muhammad’s life, message, and His enduring presence in the hearts of millions. May Allah make it a rewarding visit for you.
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